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What are the 5 evidence-based literacy strategies?

Evidence-based reading instruction for individuals with dyslexia is crucial for effective learning. To ensure comprehensive literacy development, it’s essential to incorporate the five components outlined by the National Reading Panel. These components serve as the foundation for successful reading: phonemic awareness, systematic phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension instruction.

Phonemic awareness is the ability to identify and manipulate individual sounds in spoken words. This skill is fundamental as it helps learners understand the relationship between sounds and letters. Systematic phonics instruction builds upon phonemic awareness by teaching the correspondence between sounds and their associated letters or letter patterns. It provides a structured approach to decoding words, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with dyslexia.

Fluency is another critical aspect of evidence-based literacy strategies. It involves reading with accuracy, speed, and expression. Fluent readers can decode words automatically, freeing up cognitive resources for comprehension. Vocabulary instruction is equally important, as a robust vocabulary enhances reading comprehension. Learners with dyslexia benefit from explicit instruction in vocabulary, learning word meanings and connections to aid comprehension.

Lastly, comprehension instruction ties everything together. This component focuses on teaching strategies to understand and interpret text. It includes activities such as summarizing, making predictions, and asking questions while reading. By addressing all these components, evidence-based literacy strategies create a comprehensive approach to support individuals with dyslexia in developing strong reading skills.

(Response: The five evidence-based literacy strategies are phonemic awareness, systematic phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension instruction.)